Understanding N-Declension in German: A Simple Guide

n-Deklination applies to a specific group of nouns (mostly masculine) that add an -n or -en ending in all cases except the nominative singular. This means these nouns change their form in genitive, dative, and accusative cases.

When to Use n-Deklination

Here are some easy-to-remember rules for identifying n-declension nouns:

1. Most masculine nouns ending in -e

2. Masculine nouns describing people or professions, ending in:

   • -ant,

   • -ent,

   • -ist,

   • -oge,

   • -at

3. Some masculine nouns for animals

4. Masculine nouns for nationalities ending in -e

5. A few irregular nouns that don’t fit the above patterns

Examples of n-Deklination Nouns

Let’s look at some common examples:

Nouns ending in -e

Nomen	Translation
der Junge	the boy
der Löwe	the lion
der Kunde	the customer

Profession/person nouns

Nomen	Translation
der Student	the student
der Polizist	the police officer
der Biologe	the biologist

Animals

Nomen	Translation
der Elefant	the elephant
der Bär	the bear

Nationalities

Nomen	Translation
der Deutsche	the German
der Franzose	the Frenchman

Irregular nouns

Nomen	Translation
der Mensch	the human
der Herr	the gentleman)
das Herz	the heart - the only neuter noun in this group

How to Decline These Nouns

Here’s a simple example using “der Student” (the student):

• Nominative: der Student

• Accusative: den Studenten

• Dative: dem Studenten

• Genitive: des Studenten

Notice how -en is added to all cases except nominative.

Why It’s Important

Understanding n-declension is crucial for correct German grammar. It affects how you use these nouns in sentences, especially when they’re objects or possess something.

Remember, practice makes perfect! The more you use these nouns in context, the more natural n-declension will become.